注册伤残储蓄计划RDSP

注册伤残储蓄计划RDSP(Registered Disability Savings Plan), 是加拿大政府为五十多万的加拿大残障人士提供的储蓄计划,其目的在协助残障人士的父母或其他资助者为符合本项补助的残障人士提供一个长期的经济保障。但是请注意,在任何一个时点,一位 RDSP 受益人只可以有一个 RDSP。不过,一个 RDSP 却可以在该计划存续期间里同时有一个以上的计划持有人。“RDSP 受益人”要符合以下所有条件:

(1)有资格获得残疾扣抵额(即已向国税局提交完整并合格的 T2201 表,并已经国税局批准者);

(2)持有有效的社会保险号码(“SIN”);

(3)在 RDSP 设立时是加拿大居民;且

(4)在 60 岁以下(59岁以前都可以开立 RDSP)。

然而,如果 RDSP 受益人的新开立的 RDSP 是为了要从其个人的以前的其他 RDSP 帐户转入原已有的 RDSP 金额的话,本项年龄限制并不适用。

RDSP 开立人或供款人(下简称“计划持有人”)虽然不需要是加拿大居民,但他们必须持有有效的 SIN。如果有持有人的书面同意,任何人都可以对该 RDSP 供款。

每个 RDSP 受益者个人终身的 RDSP 供款上限为 20 万加元。然而,每年供款却没有供款限额(亦即$200,000 可以在任何一年里一次全部付清)。但同一受益人的 RDSP 帐户之间的转款不列入前述 20 万加元上限的计算。

RDSP 供款不可用于扣税,并且在 RDSP 受益人年满 59 当年年底前都可以对其 RDSP 帐户里供款。但是从 RDSP 帐户里领取本金是不用交税。但是,从 RDSP 帐户里领取加拿大残疾储蓄补助金(下简称“CDSG”),加拿大残疾储蓄债券(下简称“CDSB”)、以及 RDSP 帐户里的投资收入/资本增值部分,就需要在领取的当年列入 RDSP 受益者的收入课税。但是 RDSP 帐户只能向 RDSP 受益人、其法定代表人、或受益人死亡后的遗产支付款项。

由 2011 年起,RDSP 受益人可将未使用的 CDSG(Canada Disability Savings Grant,加拿大残疾储蓄补助金) 和 CDSB(Canada Disability Savings Bond ,加拿大残疾储蓄债券) 配额延续到以后年度使用,但是延续期间只有由 2008 年起计 10 年。

什么是CDSG

CDSG 是由加拿大政府直接对一个 RDSP 帐户补助的供款,旨在为残障人士家庭提供储蓄补助,以保障受益人生活所需。加拿大政府会根据 RDSP 受益人的家庭收入情况与当年 RDSP 供款金额,对应支付一倍、两倍或三倍的补助。

RDSP 受益人的家庭收入的认定方式如下:

■ 从出生到受益人年满 18 岁的当年,“受益人的家庭收入”为受益人的父母的家庭收入。

■ 从 RDSP 受益人年满 19 岁当年直到受益人 RDSP 帐户结清为止,“受益人的家庭收入”是他(她)的收入加上他或她的配偶或同居(Common-Law)伴侣的收入。同时,要获取 CDSB 补助资格,RDSP 受益人必须已经向国税局申报过去两年的个人所得,以及在 RDSP 存续期间的每一年的个人所得。

CDSG 补助的上限为每年 3 千 5 百加元,并且每一 RDSP 受益人终身的 CDSG 补助总额不得超过 7 万加元。在 RDSP 受益人年满49 岁当年底前,政府的 CDSG 补助会依据 RDSP 供款与 CDSG 计算公式直接汇入 RDSP 帐户。

CDSG 的算法如下(2016):

受益人家庭年收入 CDSG补助比例 补助上限
$90,563以下
最先$500供款 300% $1,500/年
之后$1,000供款 200% $2,000/年
$90,563以上
最先$1,000供款 100% $1,000/年


什么是CDSB

CDSB 是由加拿大政府直接汇入 RDSP 的补助。政府会支付高达每年 1 千加元的 CDSB 补助给低收入的加拿大残疾人。CDSB不需要有 RDSP 的供款就可以领取。CDSB 的终身最高补助金额是每为 RDSP 受益人 2 万加元。

在 RDSP 受益人年满 49 岁当年底前,只要 RDSP 受益人符合条件,政府的 CDSB 补助会直接汇入 RDSP 帐户。RDSP 受益人的家庭收入定义与 CDSG 是一样的。

根据受益人的家庭收入 CDSB 补助的计算方式如下(2016):

受益人家庭收入 CDSB补助
$26,364以下 $1,000
$26,364 — $45,282 根据加拿大伤残储蓄法公式计算补助,$1,000以内
$45,282以上 $0

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